Antibiotic Resistance
Antibiotic Resistance
PI: Ebbing Lautenbach, MD, MPH, MSCE
Study dates: 9/1/22 – 8/31/25
Funding source: CDC
Specific Aims:
Aim 1: To identify risk factors for colonization or infection with colR-CRE in LTACH patients; Aim 2: To evaluate the impact of colR-CRE colonization or infection on mortality in the LTACH setting; Aim 3: To use whole-genome sequencing to prospectively evaluate colR-CRE isolates from a regional network of LTACHs with a high baseline prevalence of CRE.
Study Dates: 12/1/2016 – 11/30/2018
Funding Source: Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group / NIH
Area of Focus:
MDROs; Solid Organ Transplantation
Specific Aims:
1. To elucidate risk factors for ESBL-EB bloodstream infection among SOT recipients. 2. To determine the impact of ESBL-EB bloodstream infection on time to mortality in SOT recipients. 3. To describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of ESBL-EB causing bloodstream infections in SOT recipients
PI: Ebbing Lautenbach, MD, MPH, MSCE
Study dates: 07/01/21 – 06/30/22
Funding source: CDC
Area of focus:
Global antibiotic resistance; MDROs; Whole genome sequencing
Specific aims:
The goals of this project are to 1) Describe the genetic diversity of circulating hospital and community ESCrE and CRE in Botswana and put in context of global strain collections, 2) Evaluate evidence of household/community transmission among ESCrE and CRE colonized individuals, and 3) Characterize the structure and prevalence of mobile elements harboring resistance determinants of interest.
PI: Ebbing Lautenbach, MD, MPH, MSCE
Study dates: 06/01/18 – 05/31/23
Funding source: NIH
Specific Aims:
Aim 1: To identify risk factors for colonization or infection with colR-CRE in LTACH patients; Aim 2: To evaluate the impact of colR-CRE colonization or infection on mortality in the LTACH setting; Aim 3: To use whole-genome sequencing to prospectively evaluate colR-CRE isolates from a regional network of LTACHs with a high baseline prevalence of CRE.
Study Dates: 06/01/23 – 12/31/25
Funding Source: CDC Prevention Epicenter Program
Area of Focus:
Environmental transmission of pathogens; healthcare-associated infection
Specific Aims:
This project aims to define high-touch objects and to determine effectiveness of cleaning within inpatient NEXUS areas including dialysis, radiology, and physical and occupational therapy
Study Dates: 2018-2023
Funding Source: NIAID, NIH
Area of Focus:
A study of the genomic characteristics of colonizing intrasubject lineages of S. aureus, how they are impacted by antibiotic use, and which S. aureus evolutionary trajectories and genetic changes are associated with recurrent infections and/or with persistence of body colonization.
Study dates: 2022-2027
Funding source: NIAID, NIH
Area of focus: Hospital Epidemiology, Staphylococcus aureus, Infection Control, Molecular Epidemiology
Specific aims:
The proposed S. aureus Study of Prevalence, Resistance, and Environmental Dissemination
(SPREAD) relies upon fine genetic discrimination of S. aureus strains with whole genome sequencing (WGS).
WGS data provide the resolution to define a population of a specific clonal variant that colonizes an individual
or that make up linked clusters of colonizing or infecting isolates in more than one person. WGS provides data
on the evolution of pathogens over short and long timescales, mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance, and
the root causes of virulence. SPREAD includes two discrete data collections. In the first, we will study the
transmission dynamics and pathogenic potential of S. aureus in a large cohort of subjects admitted to two
units at a US university hospital over two years. We will detect all S. aureus strains on four body sites and any
infected sites of admitted subjects in the study units, which enhances detection of colonization compared with
nares testing alone. We will test subjects every 7 days and on discharge for new S. aureus acquisition and
assess S. aureus contamination of fomites in unit common areas and colonization of workers on study units.
Using WGS of colonizing and infecting S. aureus, we will determine patient and microbial risk factors for S.
aureus acquisition. Then we will investigate any spread of colonizing strains, determining routes of spread on
the units for each strain isolated from >1 subject. In the second data collection for SPREAD, we will perform
WGS and examine for clustering all S. aureus isolates from infections from two hospitals for two years. We will
compare the genomes of strains that spread to those that did not. We hope to determine markers of
hospital endemicity in S. aureus to optimize preventive measures for S. aureus hospital infections.